WCB Cautions Workers and Employers about the Dangers of Cold Stress - January 2003

The Workers Compensation Board (WCB) is encouraging workers and employers to take steps to avoid being affected by cold stress (hypothermia) this winter. When the body is unable to warm itself, serious cold related illnesses and injuries may occur, and permanent tissue damage and death may result.

George Stewart, Director of Occupational Health and Safety for the Workers Compensation Board, said “cold stress can be a problem on Prince Edward Island in the winter months, especially when we experience both low temperatures and windy conditions as we have lately. Workers should be protected from exposure to cold to avoid the possible risks.”

Extreme cold periods on Prince Edward Island typically do not last long enough for workers to become acclimatized or used to the conditions. Because of this, workers actually face greater risk of being affected by cold stress. Stewart explained that “pain in the extremities may be the first early warning of danger to cold stress. During exposure to cold, severe shivering develops when the body temperature drops to 35 degrees Celsius. Other symptoms may include reduced mental alertness, drowsiness, euphoria and or irritability. These signs must be taken as a sign of danger to the worker and exposure to cold should be immediately stopped.”

To maintain normal body temperature in cold work environments, workers should consider the following:

• Select proper clothing for cold, wet, and windy conditions. Layer clothing to adjust to changing environmental temperatures. Wear a hat and gloves, in addition to underwear that will keep water away from the skin (polypropylene).
• Learn the signs and symptoms of cold-induced illnesses and injuries.
• Take frequent short breaks in warm dry shelters to allow the body to warm up.
• Avoid muscle exhaustion or fatigue because energy is needed to keep muscles warm.
• Use the buddy system (work in pairs).
• Drink warm, sweet beverages (sugar water, sports-type drinks); avoid drinks with caffeine (coffee, tea or hot chocolate) or alcohol.

Carol Anne Duffy, Chief Executive Officer of the Workers Compensation Board, said “it is important that workers and employers are made aware of the dangers associated with cold stress and the ways it can be prevented.” The Workers Compensation Board is working to ensure a healthy and safe workplace for all Islanders. If you have any questions about cold stress or workplace health and safety, please call 902-368-5697.

For more information contact Mark Barrett:

Tel: (902) 894-0362
Email: mabarrett@wcb.pe.ca